This book is trt.Ich less interesting than that one. 这本书远不如那本有趣。
—ll在上面两个句型中,程度副词只能放在比较 结构之前,不能放在比较结构之中。 误:My room is bigger a little than his. 正:My room is a little bigger than his. 我的房间比他的房间大一点。 8.the+比较级?the+比较级
●l■该句型表示‘‘越??越??,’的意思,第一个 the引导状语从句,第二个the引导主句。例如:
The older I get,the happier I am (相当于When I get older,I alTl happier.)我年纪越大,就越感到幸福。
The herder he worked,the more progress he made. 他越努力工作,进步就越大。
The more I study it。the more I like it. 我越学习它,就越喜欢它。 —l■有时从句和主句都省略了某些成分,甚至只剩下 两个比较级。例如:
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The smaller the town(is),the friendlier the people(am). 城镇越小,人们越友好。.
The sooglor this is done,the better. 这事完成得越快越好。
The more,the better.越多越好。 +The soorler,the better.越快越好。 The more the merrier.多多益善。 9.比较级+钔d+比较级 一该句型表示“越来越??,’的意思。有时more
and more之后可以接名词。例如:
The car is running faster and faster.这汽车开得越来越快。 He is more and more interested in music.
他对音乐越来越感兴趣。 ’
He is becoming more and more active in sports. 他越来越积极参加体育运动。 More and more people have come to realize the importance of learning English.
越来越多的人开始认识到学习英语的重要性。 10.比较级+than anyother+名词+比较范围 一该句型表示“比任何一个都??,’的意思。在同
一范围内的比较,0ther不可省略。这种用法从结构上看是比 较级,却表示最高级的意思。例如:
He is more active than anyone else/any other student in his class.(=He is the most active in his class.)
他比班上其他任何同学都积极。
The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China. (=The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.) 在中国长江比其他任何河流都长。 瓣嘲
误:He is taller than any student in his class. 正:He is taller than any other student in his class.
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他比班上其他任何同学都高。 R2
11.the(+序数词)+最高级(+名词)+比较范围
—l■该句型表示三者或三者以上的比较,意思是 “在??中最??”。例如:
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二大河。 ,
He is the cleverest student of the three. 3个学生中他是最聪明的。
This is the most interesting story I have ever read. 这是我们看过的故事中最有趣的一个。
She sings(the)best in her class.她在班里唱歌唱得最好。 12.the+EB较级/最高级+of
●l■该句型中形容词的比较级和最高级单独使用,后面不接名词。比较级表示两者中程度的较高者,最高级表示三者或三者以上程度的最高者。例如:
He is the taller of the tw0.他是两个中的较高者。 He is the youngest of all the students.
在所有学生中他是最年轻的。
This is the best of all.这是所有当中最好的。
1—Il●不要把该句型中两者的比较范围混淆。 误:He is the most active of the tw0.
正:He is the most active of the three/in his class. 他是三人中/班上最活跃的。
正:He is the more active of the tw0. 他是两人中较活跃的。
13.one of the+最高级+复数名词+比较范围
ll■该句型表示“在??中最.:?.之一”。鳓Ⅱ: China is one of the largest countries in the world.
中国是世界上最大的国家之一。
This is one of the most difficult books I have ever read. 这是我看过的最难的书之一。 83
14.Which?+(the+)比较级,A or B?
I_■这是选择疑问句的形式之一,表示两者之间‘‘哪 个更??A还是B?”例如:
一WhIch is the larger country,Canada or America? 加拿大和美国哪一个更大? 一Canada.加拿大。
Which is ct联apor,this one or that one? 哪个比较便宜,这个还是那个? Which do you like bettor,tea Or coffee? 你比较喜欢哪种,茶还是咖啡? 15.Which?the+最高级(+比较范围),A,B or c7 .Il■这也是选择疑问句的形式之一,表示三者(或三者以上)“哪个最??A,B还是c?”例如:
Which is tha d嘲∞st,tha white,the yellow or the blue
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shirt?哪件最便宜,白衬衫,黄衬衫还是蓝衬衫? Which do you like best,coffea,tea or coke? 在咖啡、荼和可乐中,你最喜欢哪种? 回/
选择正确的答案填空:
()1.China is larger than——country in Asia. A.anv l3.any other C.other D.another ()2.The yellow shirt is——the blue one.
A.as cheap as B more cheaper than C SO cheap as D.the cheapest as()3.This bookis——thanthat one. A.difficuIt &the most difficult C vcry difficult D.more difficult ()4.John has three sisters.Jane is——0f the three.
A.most tall R the tallest C.the taller D.as tall 84
( )5.The Yellow River iS the second river in China. A the longest l3.10nger C.10ngest D.the most long
()6.Helooks than heiS.
A.more young B more younger C much younger D.very young ( )7.A train can run fl bus. A.SOfast as Bfasterthan C.more fast D.very fast than ()8.This coatis onein all.
A.the most expensive B most expensive C more expensive D.much expensive()9.In the exalTl,the——you are,the——mistakes you’11 mak己
八careful,little B more careful,less C more careful,few D.more careful,fewer
()10.In Guilin,it’S——in July,but it is even——in August.
八hot,hotter R hot,hot
C.hotter,hottest D.hotter,hot()11.Summeris——season ofthe year. A very hot R the hottest C.the hotter D.hottest
()12.It’S winter now.It’S gettin9——.
A.hotter and hotter B.warmer and warmer C.wetter and wetter D.bolder and colder
()13.Which do you like——,the park or the zoo?
A.well&better C best D.good()14.I can speak French a little but——you. A.not as well as Rnot well than C.not so well than D.not SO better as ( )15.一These mooncakes are delicious.
一Yes.BUt I think the ones with nuts are of all. A.very delicious l3.the more delicious
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C the most delicioUS D.SO deliciOUS
()16.Which city has——population,Beijin9,Tianjin or Shanghai?
Amany Bmore C alarge D.thelargest
( )17.Of all the four stories,which do you think is——?
A.most interesting B the most interesting C.more interesting D.the more interesting ()18.Chinais one of intheworld. A.the largest countries B the largest country C largest countries D.1arger countries
()19.The——he worked,the——progress he made.
A Ilard,more R harder,great C harder.greater l3.hard,
greater()20.Ithink Johnis——personforthejob. 八good B better C best D.the best
五、不定式句型 1.不定式(主语)+动词
一在本句型中,不定式相当于一个名词,充当句子 的主语成分。不定式的否定形式是在t0前加not。
To learn English well is important for me. 对我来说,学好英语是很重要的。 To s∞is to believe.眼见为实。
一(1)在本句型中,无论不定式的形式如何,谓语 动词一律用第三人称单数。例如:
Not to swim is my pity.没去游泳是我的遗憾。
(2)动词不定式作主语时,为了避免头重脚轻,常常使用 形式主语it,将动词不定式短语后置。例如: It is important for me to learn English well. 对我来说,学好英语是很重要的。
It is impossible to finish SO much homework in a day. 一天之内完成这么多作业是不可能的。
(3)不定式在疑问句或感叹旬中作主语时,必须用形式主 % 语it。例如:
What ajoy it is to swim in a hot day in SUlTlrr色r! 在夏天的炎热日子里去游泳真是一种乐趣!
Is it possible to fly to the盯”0n in a spaceship? 乘宇宙飞船登上月球是可能的吗?
2.系动词+不定式(表语)
lI-动词不定式作表语,说明主语的内容。例如: My job is to teach English.我的工作就是教英语。
His wish is to become a film star. 他的理想是成为一名电影明星。 一(1)如果主语部分有实义动词d。,作表语的不定 式既可带t0,也可以不带t0。例如:
Mother was ill in bed.AII I could do WflS(to)look after her at home.妈妈卧病在床,我所能做的就是在家里照顾她。 (2)动词be后面的不定式与主语有逻辑上的
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主谓关系时, 表示“要做的事”、“一定”、“必须”的意思。例如:
He is to be∞me a doctor.他要成为一名医生。 You are to be back before ten. 你一定要在10点钟之前回来。 3.动词+不定式(宾语) _-■动词不定式可在某些动词之后充当宾语。常用的 带动词不定式作宾语的动词结构有: want to do sth.想做某事
wish to do sth.希望做某事 agree to do stll.同意做某事 liketodo sth.喜欢做某事 decide to do sth.决定做某事 begin tO do sth.开始做莱事 learn to do sth.学习做莱事 ask to do sth请求做某事 plan to do sth计划做某事 hope to do sth.希望做某事
87 refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事 help to do sth,.帮忙做某事 teachto do sth教做某事 need to do sth.需要做某事 prepare to do sth,.准备做某事 pretend to do sth.假装做某事 offer to do sthl提供做某事 例如:
I planned to go camp.ng with my cousin,but he had some—
thing else to d0.
我本打算和堂兄去野营,但是他有别的事要做。 I hope to s∞you again.我希望再次见到你。
He wanted to borrow my dictionary.他想借我的字典。 一如果宾语有自己的补足语时,要用it作先行宾 语,并将真正的宾语后置。例如:
We find it easy to find information on the Internet. 我们觉得在网上查信息很容易。
I thonght it better to start early.我认为早点出发好些。 4.动词+宾语+带t0的不定式(宾语补足语)
—l■有些动词后接宾语,再加上带t0的不定式作宾语补足语,这种“宾语+不定式”的结构叫复合宾语。其中的宾语通常是不定式的逻辑主语,常见的能以不定式作宾语补足语的动词结构有:
advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事 allow sh.to do st}1.1 允许某人做某事 ask sb.to do st}1.请求某人做某事 beg sb..to do sth.乞求某人做某事 encourage sb..to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
get sh.to do sth.使某人做某事
force sb.to do sth强迫某人做某事 invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事 expect sb.to do sth.J期望某人做某事 order sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事 88 permit sb,.to do sth..允许某人做某事 persuade sh.to do sth.说服某人做某事 require sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事 want sb,.to do sth.想要某人做某事 warn sb,.to do sth,.警告某人做某事 teach sb.to do sth.教某人做某事 tell sb.tO do sth.告诉某人做某事 wish sb.tO do sth.希望某人做某事 例如:
Please ask him to call me back when he comes back. 当他回来时叫他打电话给我。
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