对于比较结构中是否有必要补充助动词,应以是否会产生歧意为标准.如果不会产生歧意,则可以不补 出助动词,如果会产生歧意,一定要补出助动词.
51. (27205-!-item-!-188;#058&003142)
Gasoline marketing is undergoing major changes as stations often not only add convenience stores but also combine with major fast-food chains to build complexes where customers can shop and eat as well as buy gasoline.
(A) not only add convenience stores but also combine with major fast-food chains to build (B) not only add convenience stores but also they combine with major fast-food chains to build
(C) are not only adding convenience stores but also in combination with major fast-food chains they build
(D) add not only convenience stores, but also combining with major fast-food chains to build
(E) are not only adding convenience stores, but also in combining with major fast-food chains they build
考点: 平行对称（Parallelism） 1) not only… but also结构要平行
(A) 正确,
(B) they破坏了not only… but also的平行结构,应该去掉
(C) not only…but also结构不平行；they build…与前面句子不连贯，句子结构错误。
(D) not only… but also结构不平行,应该改为add not only convenience stores but also combination… 或者not only add…but also combine…
(E) not only… but also结构不平行；they build…与前面句子不连贯，句子结构错误。
句子结构:…marketing is undergoing…as stations often not only add…but also combine with…to build…
52. (27251-!-item-!-188;#058&003145)
In addition to her work on the Miocene hominid fossil record, Mary Leakey contributed to
archaeology with her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and painstakingly documenting East African cave paintings.
(A) Leakey contributed to archaeology with her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and painstakingly documenting
(B) Leakey contributed to archaeology by her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and by painstakingly documenting
(C) Leakey was a contributor to archaeology with her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and with her painstaking documentation of
(D) Leakey's contributions to archaeology include her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and her painstaking documentation of
(E) Leakey's contributions to archaeology include discovering the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and painstaking documentation of
考点: 平行对称（Parallelism）
1) and, but等连词出现的时候,一定要注意前后平行
(A) and前后不平行,前者是名词discovery,后者是动名词documenting；with用于此处意思不准确。
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(B) and前后不平行,名词discovery和动名词documenting不平行
(C) 使用contributor改变了原句的意思,with意思太广泛,不如include表达意思精确 (D) 正确, and前后平行都是名词discovery, documentation
(E) and前后不平行,前者是动名词discovering,后者是名词documentation
句子结构: In addition to… ,Mary Leakey’s contributions… include her discovery of…and her painstaking documentation of…
53. (27297-!-item-!-188;#058&003151)
Most vaccines are derived from weakened or killed strains of the same virus that they prevent, unlike the derivation of smallpox vaccine from a different virus altogether.
(A) the derivation of smallpox vaccine from a different virus altogether (B) smallpox vaccine, which is derived from a different virus altogether (C) smallpox's vaccine, which gets derived from a different virus altogether (D) when smallpox vaccine is derived from an altogether different virus (E) the altogether different virus from which smallpox vaccine is derived
考点:比较（Comparison）
1) like, unlike后面加名词表示比较，比较对象需对等。
(A) 比较双方不对应,vaccines和the derivation不对应
(B) 正确,比较双方对应most vaccines和smallpox vaccine对比.
(C) smallpox’s vaccine表达错误,原文表达的意思是天花疫苗,而不是属于天花的疫苗. (D) unlike when用法错误,unlike后面应该加名词表示比较 (E) 比较双方不对应,vaccines和different virus不对应
句子结构:Most vaccines are derived…, unlike smallpox vaccine, which…
54. (27343-!-item-!-188;#058&003156)
Unlike using spices for cooking, in medicinal usage they are taken in large quantities in order to treat particular maladies.
(A) Unlike using spices for cooking, in medicinal usage they are taken
(B) Unlike spices that are used in cooking, in using spices for medicine, they are taken (C) Unlike cooking with spices, taking spices for medicinal use is done
(D) In cooking, small quantities of spices are used, whereas in medicinal usage spices are taken (E) In cooking, the usage of spices is in small quantities, whereas in medicinal usage they are taken
考点:比较（Comparison）
1) 标准书面语中,like后只加名词表比较
(A) unlike后面应该接名词
(B) in using短语既可以修饰前一个分句,又可以修饰后一个分句,造成修饰歧意. (C) unlike后面应该接名词
(D) 正确, 用whereas表示对比关系前后句子在形式上不需要完全对等,修饰成分紧靠修饰对象,避免 了修饰歧意
(E) the usage of spices is in small quantities表达笨拙;they指代不清,可能指代quantities或者spices.
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句子结构:…, small quantities of…are used, whereas… spices are taken… in order to treat…
补充说明:
为了避免指代不清,修改的方法有三个: 1)重复代词指代的对象
2)用 such + n.或者指示代词 this/these/those + n.代替代词 3)用一个名词概括代词指代的对象
本题的正确选项中就是重复了代词指代的对象,从而避免了指代不清的问题
55. (27389-!-item-!-188;#058&003179)与79题相似 注意不同处are
Shipwrecks are more likely to be found undisturbed at great depths than in shallow coastal waters, which exposes archaeological remains to turbulence and makes them accessible to anyone in scuba gear, whether they be archaeologist, treasure hunter, or sport diver. (A) than in shallow coastal waters, which exposes archaeological remains to turbulence and makes them accessible to anyone in scuba gear, whether they be
(B) than in shallow coastal waters, where archaeological remains are exposed to turbulence and are accessible to anyone in scuba gear, whether
(C) as opposed to shallow waters along the coast, where archaeological remains are exposed to turbulence and are accessible to anyone in scuba gear, including
(D) instead of in shallow waters along the coast, which exposes archaeological remains to turbulence and makes them accessible to anyone in scuba gear, including an
(E) instead of shallow coastal waters, because it exposes archaeological remains to turbulence and makes them accessible to anyone in scuba gear, whether
考点: 比较（Comparison） 逻辑表达（Logical Predication） 习惯用语（Idiom） 1) 习惯用语 more…than…
2) 习惯用语 whether A, B, or C
(A) which指代waters导致逻辑意思错误,因为并不是水域把古迹暴露在外,而是古迹暴露在这个水域, 应该用where指代in shallow coastal waters; exposes和makes应该用复数形式which指代的是waters; whether they be表达复杂,they没有指代对象，they be应该去掉.
(B) 正确, more…than符合习惯用法; where使用恰当; 用whether A, B, or C修饰anyone,修饰得当
(C) more…as opposed to语意重复，不应同时出现在比较句中; including使用不恰当,include表示为群 体中包含某些项,而这里anyone是个体,不能使用including.若将anyone改为everyone会更好 (D) more…instead of不符合习惯用法;使用which导致逻辑意思错误;including使用不恰当. (E) more…instead of不符合习惯用法，缺少代词in容易产生歧义;it没有指代
句子结构: Shipwrecks are more likely…than in…, where archaeological remains are exposed to… and are accessible to…, whethe A, B, or C.
56. (27435-!-item-!-188;#058&003186)
First discovered more than 30 years ago, Lina's sunbird, a four-and-a-half-inch animal found in the Philippines and that resembles a hummingbird, has shimmering metallic colors on its head; a brilliant orange patch, bordered with red tufts, in the center of its breast; and a red eye.
(A) found in the Philippines and that resembles (B) found in the Philippines and that, resembling
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(C) found in the Philippines and resembling
(D) that is found in the Philippines and it resembles (E) that is found in the Philippines and that, resembling
考点: 平行对称（Parallelism）
1) 并列句主语相同,应该省略重复的主语
(A) animal found in…and that结构不平行 (B) and that没有平行的从句。
(C) 正确, animal found…and resembling两个分词修饰animal构成平行结构 (D) and连接的两个并列结构主语相同,后一个主语应该省略,去掉it.
(E) animal that is found…and that, resembling结构不平行，第二个that从句缺少谓语动词。
句子结构: First discovered.. Lina’s sunbird, a …animal found in… and resembling…, has…;句子
补充说明:
正确选项C中两个分词之所以一个用-ed形式,一个用-ing形式是因为found表示了被动态:animal is found in the Philippines, 而resembling表示的主动语态:such animal resembles a hummingbird.（与 OG10-210题用法相同，可参考OG解释） 注意以下两个句子的区别:
1. Intar has moved away from the Spanish classics and now draws on the works of contemporary
Hispanic authors.
2. Intar has moved away from the Spanish classics, and now it draws on the works of
contemporary Hispanic authors.
第一个句子中and前没有逗号,因此and连接的两个并列句中第二个并列结构应该省略重复的主语. 而 第二句子中and前有逗号,因此and连接两个独立的句子,每个句子都需要自己的主谓宾,因此第二个句 子中的it不能省略.
57. (27481-!-item-!-188;#058&003189)
The Anasazi settlements at Chaco Canyon were built on a spectacular scale with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each, were connected by a complex regional system of roads.
(A) with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each, were (B) with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each,
(C) of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms, each that had been (D) of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms and with each (E) of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms each had been
考点: 句子结构（Grammatical Structure） 逻辑表达（Logical Predication） 有效用词（Diction） 1) 一个完整的句子之中只能有一个谓语动词，两个谓语动词之间必须有连词进行连接 2) each 型独立主格,强调句尾名词,形式为:
句子 + 复数名词结尾, each + 介词短语/形容词短语/-ed 形式/-ing 形式。
例:Chinese, the most ancient of living writing systems, consists of tens of thousands of
ideographic characters, each character a miniature calligraphic composition inside its own square frame.
(A) 划线的 were 作为谓语和划线部分之前的谓语 were 重复，应该去掉或者用连词 and 连接； (B) 正确，of up to 600 rooms each 作为插入语修饰 structures，connected 分词跳过插入语修饰前
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面最邻近的名词 structures.
(C) 将 with 改变成 of 后，介词的修饰对象发生改变；原句 with 结构修饰 built,而 of 结构修饰的是 scale; 将插入语变成句子一部分后，each 同位语修饰的对象也发生改变，变成了修饰最邻近的 rooms 而不 是 structures，rooms 被马路连接不符合题目原意和逻辑表达；each 同位语从句用过去完成时同样没 有必要性.
(D) 按 D 答案给出的句意，with each 和 on a spectacular scale 平行，但 each connected by 改变了 原文的句意，原文没有表达出每一个都被连接的意义
(E) 如果 each 做代词指代主语应该在 each 前面加上连词 and，E 答案中 each 后面是完整句子但没 有连词进行连接；had been 过去完成时没有必要性。
句子结构: The Anasazi settlements…were built on...structures,…,connected by…
58. (27527-!-item-!-188;#058&003203)
Both weakened by concern about the government's agreement with the International Monetary Fund and by growing fears of a rise in inflation, the country's currency continued its slide to a record low against the dollar, which forced the central bank to intervene for the fourth time in a week.
(A) Both weakened by concern about the government's agreement with the International Monetary Fund and by growing fears of a rise in inflation, the country's currency continued its slide to a record low against the dollar, which forced
(B) Both concern about the government's agreement with the International Monetary Fund and the growing fears of a rise in inflation weakened the country's currency, continuing its slide to a record low against the dollar, which forced
(C) Both because it was weakened by concern about the government's agreement with the
International Monetary Fund and by growing fears of a raise in inflation, the country's currency continued its slide to a record low against the dollar, forcing
(D) The country's currency, weakened both by concern about the government's agreement with the International Monetary Fund and by growing fears of a rise in inflation, continued its slide to a record low against the dollar, forcing
(E) The country's currency, weakened by both concern about the government's agreement with the International Monetary Fund and growing fears of a raise in inflation, continued its slide to a record low against the dollar, which forced
考点: 平行对称（Parallelism） 有效用词（Diction） 1) which不能指代前面整个句子 2) both…and…结构一定要平行
(A) which不能指代句子；both…and 连接对象不平行，weaken by…与by…，应为weakened both by… and by…
(B) Both concern about the government’s agreement…and the growing结构不平行,应该改为 concern both about the government’s agreement… and the growing; 整个句子缺乏主语; 该句用了 both…and连接的并列名词短语concern与the growing fears作主语，谓语为weakened，分词结构 continuing…修饰对象有歧义；which不能指代整个句子
(C) both because…and by结构不平行,可以改为both because…and because
(D) 正确, both by…and by…结构平行; 使用伴随状语结构forcing the central bank…正确的表现了 continued its slide…这个事件的伴随结果. (E) which使用错误.
句子结构: …currency, weakened both by concern about…and by growing fears of…, continued…,
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