?xdA??AAydA??xydA???dA???xdA???ydA?0 (3-15)
AAAA简化式(3-14),可得
?z=E?2?I??2?I??2dz (3-16) I?xxyy?2?AA??式中:Ix、Iy——分别为截面绕x、y轴的惯性矩,其值分别为Ix??y2dA、Iy??x2dA;
I?——扇性惯性矩,其值等于I????2dA。
A 由闭口薄壁杆件理论可知,对于闭口薄壁杆件而言,将扭转函数表示的扇性坐标代入剪应变公式(3-13b),得
?sz?dydxdydx???????u???h???0?xs??0?ys??x??y??h?????vdsdst?dsds? (3-17)
?dxdy????????u???y???v???x??0?ys??0?xs??h??tdsds由剪应变产生的应变能:
G?dxdy?????y???v???x???0?ys??0?xs??sz?????h?????????udAdz (3-18a) ?2tdsds??简便起见,将式(3-18a)作如下简化
2G??dxdy??sz?????[h?X????Y??Z?dAdz (3-18b)
2tdsds?????;Y?u???x。 ???y;Z?v?0?xs??0?ys?式中:X??2 于是将(3-18b)展开,得
22?22??dxdy???2?dx?2YZ??hX?2h?X???????Y?2?ttdsdsdsG?????dAdz (3-18c) ?sz?????2?dy?2dxdy?dx?dy??2???Z?2hXY+2hXZ?2?Y?2?Z?dsdstdstds???ds???同样,由于x轴和y轴为截面的形心主惯性轴,?为以扭心为极点的主扇性坐标,也可以证得:
???xt?sAdA????yt?sAdA?0 (3-19)
则可将式(3-18c)积分并简化为:
222G?IpX?2JB?X?JB??AxxY???sz????dAdz (3-20) 22??2AxyYZ?AyyZ?2SsxXY+2SsyXZ??式中:Ip——绕扭心的极惯性矩,其值等于Ip??h2dA;
A 29
???其值等于JB??hdA????dA; JB——与布雷特剪应力对应的扭转惯性矩,
AAtt????x?Axx????dAA?sAxx——沿x方向的剪切面积,其值等于??;
2?2Axy——混合剪切面积,其值等于
Axy???x?ydAA?s?s;
2??y?Ayy????dAA?sAyy??——沿y方向的剪切面积,其值等于;
?xdA; A?s?ySsy——y方向的剪切静矩,其值等于Ssy??AhdA。
?sSsx——x方向的剪切静矩,其值等于Ssx??h现将公式(3-9)代入应变表达式(3-11a),可得用包含描述纵向位移的插值函数的向量表示的轴向应变和剪应变,分别为
?w?T?z??z??w??s? (3-21a) ?z?w??dx?s?dy?s???s????z? (3-21b) ?sz???wT(z)??J??K?h?s???s?zdsds??z?,K?v??z?。 ?0?z??ys??0?z??xs?式中:J?u则体系的总势能可表示为
EG?T?z?Mw?z?dz??=?w202HH??w0T??z?2?2???z?Ssψw?z??z?Nw(z)??Ip?Jd????z?JSsx??AxxJ2?2AxyJK?AyyK2?2JSxψw?z??2KSy?w?z??2???z?KSsydz???qxu0?qyv0?T??dz2? (3-22)
式中:M??A??s??T?s?dA,为箱形截面桥梁所产生的轴向应变能;
??s?ψ?T?s?dA; N??ψA?T?s?dA; Ssψ??h?s?ψASxψ??Syψ?x?s?T??s?dA; ψA?s?y?s?T??s?dA。 ??ψA?s2b下面我们以图3-7所示箱形截面桥梁为例,计算以上积分:
30
t1t1oykcut2xhcl2ay图3-7箱形截面尺寸
??1?s?????s??ψ?s?]ψT?s???2????s??2?s???n?s?????1?????s?n???1?s??1?s??2?s???1?s??2?s??22?s????????n?s??2?s??n?s????1?s?22??1?s??n?s?????2?s??n?s????????n2?s???2 (3-23a)
将式(3-7)代入式(3-23a),由于对矩阵的积分等于分别对各项进行积分:
si?1?si?s?si??1??ds?d??si?1?si?s?si??s?si?2?1???1??ds?d??d??si?1?sid?s?si? ??ds? (3-23b)
3?d?求得式(3-23a)可积分简化为
[M]??A??s??T?s?dA?M1*??0?0??0?0??0??0??0??0?0??0?0??0???0?000000000000000?0000000000000000???000000*30000000000?000000000000000000000?0000000000000*M60000000000000?0??000000000*M80*M2???M???000000?*M90?M??*M40000000*T9??????0*M50000??0??0?*T?M8?0?0??0?0?d?0??0?0??0?0??*M7??
??(3-23c)
?t1?式中:M1*??3t?1?6???2t1?3t1??t**6?; M2?M3??1?2t1?6??03??2?2???????t162t1?t23t16?0?t1??; 6?2t1?3???3?3? 31
??2t1t1?3600???2ttt20???1M4??t1*??6300???2?t3?t?;?M*?2t61?t2t1??; ?002t22?5???6?t31??26?t?126t?2???063???3?3??00t3263???4?4???2t1t10??t?000??2?M*??t31t?61t2t?2??;?M*?2t26???67???326????0?t;M*009?0?;?t326tt??22????0t2?22??2?2??06??63?3???6??3?3??000????4?3??M*8????0t2?0?6??。 ?1?3?????1(s)?ψ??s?ψ?T?s??????2(s)????1?s???2?s????????n?s??????n(s)????2?1?s???1?s???2?s???? 1?s???n?s??????1?s???2?s???22?s????s??????2?n????????????1?s???n?s???2?s???n?s????2s??n???将式(3-8)代入式(3-24a)并积分得
32
(3-24a)
?(s)??T(s)dAN??A??N1*??0?0??0?0??0???0?00000000?000000000??000000000000000000000000000000000??0000*N2???N?*30?N??0*T9?0??0?*T?N8?0?0??0?1 ???0000?N*9???N*4?000000??0000000??00000??d?00000000N*5?0000????000000000?00?0000000000?N*6?0?00????00?0?00000000?0???00N*8000000000?N*??7???t10?式中:?N*????t1?t?2t11?1??t2t1?t2?t?1; 12t?; ?N*2???N*??3?1??2?2???t1??0?t12t?1???3?3???2t1?t100??N*??t1t100??2t20?4????t?;?N*??t2??5t?1?t2?t1; ?002t22???t2?00?t?t12t?1??22t???02???3?3?4?4??000????2t1?t10?N*6????t1t1?t2?t??*??2t2?t2;N7????2?0???0?t2t?;N*?009?2?22t????t22????2?2??3?3??0?t20??; ?000???4?3??N*8???0?t20??1?3?。
对于如图4-6所示的薄壁箱形结构,其截面形心的位置为:
Ch?2et1?2at1?ht2?l?2et1?4at1?2ht2 Cu?h?Cl则其截面扭心至形心的距离[55]
yA14ahA3k?A? 2A4 33
(3-24b)(3-25)
(3-26)