初中英语中考总复习综合知识归纳系列
man—men ; woman—women ;child—children policeman—policemen 第19辑（共20辑） Englishman—Englishmen Frenchman—Frenchmen
语法要点及基础过关检测
foot—feet ; tooth—teeth mouse(鼠)—mice B、规则变化
1）s; sh; ch; x 结尾加 es 读 [iz] 2) ce; se; ze; (d)ge 结尾加 s
eg. boxes [b ksiz] blouses [blauziz] 3)f (fe) 结尾则变f(fe)为v加es---读[vz] eg. knives [naivz] 4) ―辅+y‖结尾变y为i加es 清就清[s]
5)一般加s 浊就浊[z] eg. books[buks] pens[penz] babies[beibiz] 初中英语复习专辑（1）——名词
但注意以下几点：
① potato—potatoes ; tomato—tomatoes
名词的数
② 单复同形: fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese 1、可数名词与不可数名词 ③ 由man , woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部A、不可数名词，初中阶段常见的不可数名词有：water ; 分都变成复数
meat ; rice ; bread ; milk ; tea ; orange(桔汁) ; fruit ; air ; man doctor — men doctors snow ; chalk; work ; paper(纸) ; time(时间); music ; ④ reef—reefs
weather ; grass ; news ; food ; fish(鱼肉); coke ; ⑤ “某国人”的复数：中日不变英法变，其余s加后porridge ; cake(可数或不可数). 不可数名词应注意以面. eg. German—Germans
下几点：
⑥ people , police 常用单数形式表示复数概念 The 1)前无数、冠，后无复数；作主语为三单.
police are looking for the missing boy.
2)表量用约数some /any ; much ; a lot of 或用of短语 3、名词所有格：名词’s (意思是 ―??的‖) eg. There is ____ bread on the table. [C] A.有生命的名词所有格，一般在后加“’s”但注意： A. a B. one C. a piece of D. many 1)表两者共有则在后者加“’s”
There is some_______ on the plate. [B] Lucy and Lily’s father 露西和莉莉的父亲
A. apple B. fish C. milks D. deer Lucy’s and Lily’s fathers露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲. 2、可数名词的复数 2)以s结尾的词只加“ ’ ”
A、不规则变化：
eg. 1) the boys’ books 2) James’ father
初中英语中考总复习综合知识归纳系列第19辑（共20辑） 语法要点及基础过关检测
3)无生命的名词所有格用of来引导 eg. the leg of the desk 4)双重所有格：a friend of my father’s
a friend of mine ( √ ) a friend of my( × )
练 习
一、写出下列词．
的复数 1.book______ 2.bus ______ 3.orange _______ 4.baby______ 5.boy______ 6.my ________ 7.his_______ 8.knife______ 9.watch________ 10.sheep ______ 11. tooth _____ 12. leaf ____ 13.German__________ 14.Chinese_________ 二、选择正确的答案 ( )1.—Are those ______?
---No, they aren’t. They’re _____. A. sheep ; cows B. sheep ; cow C. sheeps ; cow D. sheeps ; cows
( )2.Mum, I’m quite thirsty. Please give me ____. A. two orange B. two bottles of orange
C. two bottles orange D. two bottles of oranges
( )3.I have got ___ news from my friend. Do you want to know?
A. a very good B. any
C. a piece of D. two pieces ( )4.___ room is on the 5th floor.
A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lily’s C. Lucy’s and Lily D. Lucy’s and Lily’s
( )5.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a ____ to his office.
A. 20 minutes’ walk B. 20 minute’s walk C. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk
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( )6.This is James Allan Green. We can call him ____. ( )17.There are lots of ___ in the basket on the table . A. Mr. Green B. Mr. Allan A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss C. Mr. James D. James Green ( )18.The cat caught two ___ last night.
( )7.Jack and Tom are ____.
A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices
A. good friends B. good friend ( )19.Jack went to have two ___ pulled out yesterday C. a good friend D. good a friend
afternoon.
( )8.It’s only about ten ____ walk to the nearest post A. tooths B. tooth C. teeth D. toothes office.
( )20.In our school there are fifty-five ___. A. minutes B. minute’s C. minutes’ D. minute A. women teachers B. woman teachers ( )9.He often has ____ for breakfast.
C. women teacher D. woman’s teacher A. two breads B. two piece of breads ( )21.The three ___ will be put into prison. C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads
A. thiefs B. thief C. thieves D. thiefs’ ( )10.Mrs. Green has two ____. They’re very bright. 练习答案： A. childs B. child C. children’s D. children
一、
( )11.What did the headmaster say about Jim’s ______. 1. books 2. buses 3. oranges A. two months holiday B. two months’ holiday 4. babies 5. boys 6. our C. two-month holiday D. two month’s holidays
7. their 8. knives 9. watches ( )12.I won’t go there with you, for I have a lot of ____ 10. sheep 11. teeth 12. leaves to do.
13. Germans 14. Chinese A. works B. job C. work D. working 二、
( )13.Li Lei is a friend of ___.
1——5 ABCBD 6—10 AACCD A. I sister B. my sister’s 11—15 CCBDA 16—21 BCBCAC
C. me sister D. my sister of ( )14.Have you read ____?
初中英语复习专辑（2）——冠词
A. today’s B. today paper 1、不定冠词a, an
C. the today’s paper D. today’s paper
a用在辅音音素开头的词前 eg. a book ( )15.How many ___ are there in the room? a useful book a ―u‖ A. boxes B. box C. boxs D. boxxes
[ju:sful] [ju:]
( )16.Many ____ have been built in our city since an用于元音开头的词前. eg. an apple 1987.
an hour an ―F‖ A. factorys B. factories [au] [ef]
C. factoryes D. factorys
2、定冠词the
初中英语中考总复习综合知识归纳系列第19辑（共20辑） 语法要点及基础过关检测
1)特指某人/某物
The book on the desk is mine. 2)世上独一无二的事物前
the sun , the moon, the earth, the sky 3)形、副最高级及序数词前 The third boy is the tallest of all. (但当这些词前已有其他限定词，如物主代词、所有格、指示代词时，则不能再用the) He is my first English teacher.
4)the + 姓的复数表示 “某家人”或“某夫妇”。 the Greens 格林一家/ 格林夫妇 3、不用冠词的几种情况：
1)在星期、月份、季节前不用冠词 2)学科名词前
3)球类运动及早、中、晚三餐名词前（但：①当三餐名词前有修饰词时，则要加适当的冠词. ②表乐曲演奏的名词前应加the）
1) He went to school after he had a quick breakfast. 2) play the violin / piano
练 习
( )1.There is ____ ―s‖ in ____ word ―bus‖. A. a ; a B. an ; the C. a ; the D. an ; a
( )2.Maths is ___ useful subject. You can’t drop it , I think.
A. an B. a C. the D. / ( )3.____ bad weather it is!
A. How B. What a C. How a D. What ( )4.—What color is ___ orange?
--It’s _____ orange.
A. an; an B. an ; the C. an ; / D. / ; an ( )5.Mr. Li is ____ old worker.
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A. an B. a C. some D. /
C. the English D. any English
( )6.Look at ____ picture! There’s ____ house in it. ( )17.Mary is ___ cleverer of the two girls. A. a ; a B. the ; the C. a ; the D. the; a
A. the B. a C. an D. much ( )7.One morning he found ____ handbag. There was ( )18.____ young must look after ___ old. ___ ―s‖ on the corner of ___ handbag. A. The ; a B. The ; the C. A ; a D. A ; the A. a ; an ; the B. a ; a ; the ( )19. ___ earth is one of ____ planets.
C. a ; a ; a D. the ; an ; a A. The ; sun’s B. The ; the sun ( )8.What ___ interesting story it is! C. The ; the sun’s D. The ; the suns’ A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )20.Tokyo is ___.
( )9.Meimei is ___ best student in her class. A. the capital of Japan B. capital of Japan A. a B. an C. / D. the
C. Japan capital D. a capital of Japan
单数 复数 ( )10.Tom is
( )21.Kate sometimes plays ___ violin(小提琴) and yourself yourselves ___ kind boy.
sometimes plays ___ table tennis before supper. myself ourselves All ___
A. / ; the B. the ; / C. the ; the D. / ; /
himself students love
( )22. –Have you seen ___ pencil? I left it here this herself themselves him. morning.
itself A. a ; / B. --Is it ___ red one ? I saw it.
a ; the C.
A. a ; the B. the ; the C. the ; a D. a ; a
an ; / D. an ; the
( )23.There is_______ orange tree behind_____ house. ( )11.Is ___ book on the desk mine? Yes. A. an ; the B. a ; a C. the ; the D. an ; / A. the B. a C. an D. /
( )24.—How long did you stay there ?
( )12.Even while he was in ___ hospital, he went on --About half ___ hour.
writing songs.
A. / B. one C. a D. an A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )13.Don’t read _____.
练习题答案：
A. in bed B. in the bed C. on bed D. on the bed 1——5 DBDCA 6—10 DABDB ( )14.Smith is ____ honest man. 11—15 ADACD 16—20 AABCA A. a B. the C. an D. /
21—24 BDAD
( )15.China has ___ population of 1,200,000,000. A. / B. an C. the D. a 初中英语专辑（3）——代词
( )16.What’s ____ for ―椅.子‖?
（一）指示代词：this , that , these , those. this , that一A. English B. an English
般与可数名词的单数连用，而不与不可数名词连用（但
初中英语中考总复习综合知识归纳系列第19辑（共20辑） 语法要点及基础过关检测
that可单独指代不可数名词）。
that apple ( √ ) that meat ( × )
The weather in Sichuan is not so hot as ______ in Guangzhou. [that] (二)人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
1）人称代词：主格、宾格（作主语为主格， 作宾语为宾格; 介+宾格） eg. 1)I thank you 2)You thank me. 2）物主代词：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 一变(my—mine); 二留(his—his its—its) 三加s(your—yours ; our—ours ; her—hers ; their—theirs)
用法：有名不名，无名是名
eg. This is _____（我的）book. This book is ______（我的）. [ my ; mine]
3）反身代词：某某自己；亲自 反身代词的常见搭配：
1.enjoy oneself 玩得高兴；过得愉快 2.hurt oneself 伤着自己
3.teach oneself = learn… by oneself 自学 4.(all) by oneself （完全）独立地 5.help oneself to 请自便；随便吃? 6.look after oneself 自理；照顾自己 7.leave one by oneself 把?单独留下 8.lose oneself in 陶醉于?；沉浸于? （三）不定代词 1)some与any
一般情况下，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句、疑问句（但表邀请、建议的问句中可用some—此类句型常以could , would开头）
2) many + 可数 = a lot of : 许多
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much + 不可数
注意：
（但a lot of不能用于否定句） ①.both 否定 neither all 否定 none
3) few , a few ; little , a little
②.both , all 不但作主语为复数，且被修饰的词也为①.The story is easy to read. There are ____new words 表否定 表肯定 复数；
in it. [few]
可数 few(几乎没有) a few(几个；一些) neither , ②.Hurry up! There is_____ time left. [little] 不可4) everyone / anyone 不加of 数 little(几乎没有) a little(一点儿少许) none作主语为单数， no one 不加 of 但none of +
none of 复名，neither of + 复名
( )____ of us wants to read the book. [B] ( )1.____ of my parents is a teacher. [B] A. Everyone B. Every one A. None B. Neither C. Both D. All C. Nobody D. No one ( )2.There are many trees on ____ side of the river. 5）other ,another , others [C] 单数 复数 A. both B. any C. either D. all 泛another 定语 主语、宾语 every one / any one of 指 三者以上的另一个 other some…others 7) each: (二者以上的)每个——作主、宾、定） 特one…the other the others =the other+every: (三者以上的)每个——只作定语） 指 一个?另一个 复名(另外的人或物) ①.____ student in the class likes English. ①.We study _____ subjects besides Chinese. ②.___ of the students studied hard. ②.May I have ___________ apple ?
[Every ; Each] ③.These cups are clean. ________ are dirty. is red , ________ is blue.
练 习 ④.I have two pens. One [ other ; another ; others ; the others]
( )1.____office is much smaller than ____. 另外注意：one another (三者以上的)相互
A. Ours ; yours B. Our ; yoursC. Theirs ; our each other (两者的)相互
( )2. ―Help___ to some meat.‖my uncle said to me . We should learn from each other(说明we指两个人)
A. themselves B. yourself C. yourselves They help one another (说明they指三个人以上)
( )3. There are twenty teachers in our school. Eight of 6) 二者与三者 them are men teachers and ____ are women teachers. 复数 单数 单数 A. others B. the others C. another 二者 both(都) neither(都不) either(任何一个) ( )4.There isn’t ____ paper in the box. Will you go and 三者 all(都) none(都不) any(任何一个) get ____ for me ? 初中英语中考总复习综合知识归纳系列第19辑（共20辑） 语法要点及基础过关检测
A. any ; some B. any ; any C. some ; any ( )5.There are many trees on ___ sides of the street. A. both B. all C. each ( )6.___ of them has a dictionary and ____ one of them can look up words in it. A. Each ; every B. Every; each C. Every; every ( )7. ―When shall we meet, this afternoon or tonight?‖ ―I don’t mind. ____ time is OK. A. Either B. Every C. Neither ( )8.Would you like ___ cup of tea? A. other B. the other C. another
( )9.The two friends were so pleased to see each other that they forgot _____.
A. other everything B. anything else
C. everything else. ( )10.____ of his parents is a teacher.
A. Both B. Neither C. None
( )11.The river is very dirty. ____ people go to swim in it. A. Few B. A few C. Little ( )12.A friend of ____ came to see ____ yesterday. A. his ; his B. he ; him C. his ; him ( )13.You can’t leave your baby by ___ at home. A. herself B. himself C. itself ( )14. My father is very busy with his work. He has ___ time to have a rest. A. little B. a little C. few ( )15.I have three skirts. One is red. ___ two are black. A. another B. the other C. the others ( )16.Jack has ___ friends here. So he often feels lonely. A. a little B. a few C. few 4
( )17.Who teaches ___ French? b. 几点几分：
A. we B. our C. us
1．直接表达法：先小时后分 ( )18.The boys were all tired, but ___ of them stopped eg. 3:25 three twenty-five to have a rest.
2.间接表达法：先分后小时
A. any B. some C. none
1)(<30分钟)用past ：分钟past 小时 ( )19.Sorry, I can’t answer your question. I know ____ eg. 3:25 twenty-five (minutes) past three about the news.
2) (>30分钟)用to：(60-分钟数) to (小时数+1) A. a little B. little C. few
eg. 3:35 twenty-five (minutes) to four ( )20.—Hello, Bill! Help ____ to a cake .
3) 30分钟 = half 15分钟 = a quarter —Thanks .
eg. 3:30 three thirty = half past three
A. your B. yourself C. yourselves
3:15 three fifteen = a quarter past three. 四、数词
3:45 three forty-five = a quarter to four B、日期表达法：月日，年（或日月年） 数词分为基数词和序数词。用于表示事物数目的1949年10月1日 :
词称为基数词，表示事物顺序的词称为序数词。 October1st , nineteen forty-nine
1.基数词(1000以内的基数词的读法) =the first of October, nineteen forty-nine 365—three hundred and sixty-five 2000年: the year two thousand
505—five hundred and five =twenty hundred
2.基数词变序数词的方法：
2001年: twenty o one
基变序，有规律；词尾要加th。 3月1日: March the first = the first of March 一二三，特殊记；词尾分别tdd。 C、表编号：
八去t ，九去e ；ve则以f替。 第207房间：Room 207
ty 则变作 ti ; 后面还有一个e。 第五课： Lesson 5 = the fifth lesson
要是遇到几十几；只将个位变成序。 D、序数词与不定冠词(a; an)连用表“又一；再一” eg. one—first two—second three—third eg. You’ve done it three times. Why not try a fourth eight—eighth nine—ninth twelve—twelfth time?
twenty—twentieth E、分数的表达：分子（基数）、分母（序数） twenty-one –-twenty-first eg. one third 三分之一 two thirds 三分之二 3.数词的应用： 注意：1.分子超过1时，分母加s
A、时刻表达法：
2.含分数的短语作主语由分数后的词决定谓语
a. 整点：基数词 + o’clock
eg.1)One third of the students are girls. eg. It’s eight o’clock now.
2)One third of the milk is mine.
初中英语中考总复习综合知识归纳系列第19辑（共20辑） 语法要点及基础过关检测
3.分数的特殊形式
1)one third = a third 2)one fourth = a quarter
three fourths = three quarters 3)one second = a half
F、一些数词的复数 + of表约数： hundreds of ; thousands of ; millions of
练 习
( )1.If you go out at night, you’ll be able to see ____ starts.
A. thousands of B. thousand of C. nine thousands of D. thousands ( )2.Monday is ___ day of the week. A. first B. the first C. the second D. second
( )3.You’ve done it twice. Why not try ____ time? A. third B. the third C. a third D. once ( )4.Which is the____ month? It’s September. A. nine B. nineth C. ninth D. ninety ( )5.December is ___ of the year.
A. the twelfth months B. the twelfth month C. the twelveth months D. twelve months
( )6.There are ___ floors in the building and he lives on the ____ floor.
A. eighteen, fifteen B. eighteenth, fifteenth C. eighteen, fiveteen D. eighteen, fifteenth ( )7.I was born ___, 1982.
A. on June 2rd B. in June 2nd C. on June two D. on June 2
( )8.It’s ____ from our home to the zoo. A. two and a half hours’ walk
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