1)He used to be late for school. away (from); come back—be back; fall asleep—be
2)The knife is used to cut things. asleep ; open—be open ;
3)He is uesd to hard work.
catch a cold—have a cold; go /get out—be out;
other: 放在被修饰词之前 arrive (reach / get to / come to) +地点—be in +地点；△
40. else: 放在被修饰词之后，一般修饰不定代词和
join—be in +集体（或be + 成员）；
疑问词
turn on—be on; turn off—be off ; 1)other students别的学生 get a letter from—have a letter from. 2)anybody else. 其它任何人 end /finish—be over ; get up—be up ; what else. 别的什么 1) He has (A) bought (B) the fridge (C) for (D) two years. △
41. so + 形/副 _________ such + 形 + 名 2)How long (A) may (B) I borrow (C) the (D) book? 但注意：
_________ 1) so +形+a / an + 单名= such a /an +形 +单名 3)The film (A) has begun (B) for five minutes(C). 2)so (many / much / few / little) + 名 _________ 3)so… that ; such … that如此?以致? 4)Tom has got (A) the letter (B) from (C) Jim for two ① It was ____ bad weather.
days (D). __________ ② There are ____ many poor in the country. 5)I have (A) caught (B) a cold since two years ago (C). ③ ____ few animals eat ____ much grass. ____________ ④ This city is ____ old, you’d better visit it.
6)He has (A) come to (B) Beijing for ten years(C) ⑤ It’s ______ important party ____ I can’t miss it. ___________ have / has been to: 曾经去过? 7)My brother (A) has joined (B) the army (C) for (D) △
42. have / has gone to: 已经去了?
five years. ___________ have / has been in: 已在?(多久)
44. except: 除?以外（不包括除去的部分） 注意：1)后接地点副词here, there , home时应省介词 besides: 除了?，还有?（包括除去的部分） 2)与时间段连用只用have /has been in 1) We go to school every day except Sunday. ① --Where’s Tom?
该句意味着： --He ______________ Beijing. We go to school from Monday to Saturday. ② I ______ Beijing several times.
2)We all went to the park besides Li Lei. ③ She ________ Chengdu for two years. 该句意味着： ④ He __________ there twice. We went to the park, and Li Lei went, too. △
43.“短命”动词 “长命”动词
take: It take sb sometime to do sth. buy—have ; borrow—keep ; die—be dead ; leave—be 初中英语中考总复习综合知识归纳系列第19辑（共20辑） 语法要点及基础过关检测
△
45.spend(time/money)onsth(in)doingsth 主语 pay (money) for sth 是人
buy sth for + money cost: sth cost sb + money 主语是物 1)I _____ ten yuan on the book. 2)I _____ ten yuan for the book. 3)The book _____ me ten yuan. 4)I _____ the book for ten yuan.
5)It _____ me an hour to do the maths problem sometime: 某时(与将来时连用)
△
46 sometimes: 有时（一般现在时 some time: 一些时候(表时间段) some times:几次 eg. 1)He _______ (go) to Beijing sometime next week. 2)I _______ (be) to Beijing some times. 47.be to do: 表将来
There is to be a sports meeting next Saturday.
△
48.计量：表事物的“长、宽、高、深、远、厚”用 ―long ; wide ; high / tall ; deep ; away ; thick. 1)Mr Green is nearly two metres ________ 2)The ice is about one metre _________.
3)Our classroom is about twelve metres ______and eight metres __________.
△
49.population：不可数名词。指人口的多少用“large / big或small”；询问人口的多少用what. 1)What’s the population of Germany? 德国的人口是多少？ 2)China has a large population.中国人口众多 3)The population (A) of (B) Japan is less (C) than that (D) of India. ____________
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另外注意：
某物有趣/令人兴奋/使人惊奇（可作定、表语）
表示“有?人口”用have a population of .
1)It’s an ________football game. Now China has a population of more than one billion. 2)I’m ________ in music.
现在中国有十亿多人口。
1)作情态动词，用于否、疑句 △
54.need 2)作实义动词 need to do(表主动)
50.room1)房间（可数名词）2)空间（不可数名词）
need doing(表被动)
1)You needn’t go home now. eg. make room for: 为?腾出空间 2)The bike needs mending. 51.seem的用法：
3)I need to go home now. 1)seem + adj = seem to be + adj
△
55. alive: 活着的；在世的（常作后置定语） He seems very angry = He seems to be angry. living: 活着的；没死的（常作前置定语） 2)seem to do
1)Both plants and animals are _______ thing. It seems to rain tomorrow.明天似乎要下雨。 2)No one ______ will believe it. 3)It seems + that从句
△
56.否定前移的动词：think , believe , expect , suppose. It seems that you are right.你似乎是对的。
1)I didn’t expect their team would win. 我希望他们的对不会赢。
51.asif?虚拟语气（即过去时）?todo
2)I don’t think he will come tomorrow. 我认为明天他不会来。
1)He talked as if he knew all about it. look at: （有意识地）看? 他说话的口气好象已经全知道了此事。 △
57. see: （look at之后的结果）看见
2)He opened his mouth as if to say something. read: 看（书、报等）
他开口似乎要说什么。
watch: 看（电视、比赛等）
?beat:1)beatsb（比赛中）打败某人另外注意：1)see a film看电影
?2)see a doctor看医生
52.??2)beat?一个集体（team;class)1)We
1)I often ______ newspaper after suppe.
??win:后接“比赛、奖品等”2)He _____ the picture, and ____ some trees in it. △
58. listen to :（有意识地）听?
____ them 5 to 3.
hear: （listen to之后的结果）听见 2)In the end we _____ the match.
He was very sorry to ________ the bad news. interested;excited;surprised主语是人。指某 look for:（强调“找”的动作）寻找 △
53.人对?感兴趣/感到兴奋/感到惊奇（只作表语） △
59. find: （look for之后的结果）找到 interesting;excited;surprising主语是物。指 find out: (经过努力、周折)查出，找出（真相等）初中英语中考总复习综合知识归纳系列第19辑（共20辑） 语法要点及基础过关检测
They are ___________ their lost horse.
A. finding B. looking for C. finding out △
60. hope: (可能实现的)愿望 wish: (难以实现的)愿望
另外注意：1)wish to do sth = hope to do sth 2)wish sb to do sth ( ) hope sb to do sth( ╳ )
( )I _____ you to come to school earlier next time. A. wish B. hope C. wants
①enough：放在形、副之后. good enough △
61. ②修饰不定代词(something, anything, nothing)的词
应后置。
③else修饰不定代词和疑问词应后置） 1)I have something important to tell you.
2)He didn’t run fast enough to catch up with Tom.
had better +动原 否定had better not +动原 △
62 Will / Would you please +动原？
Will / Would you please not + 动原？ Will you please not talk in class? △
63. What’s the weather like …? ?的天气
= How’s the weather … ? 怎么样？ △
64. find +宾 +形：觉得?怎么样
find it +形 +to do: 觉得做?怎么样
类似用法还有make , think等
1)I find the question ___________(容易). 2)I think it important to learn Englis. △
65. a number of +复名：许多，一些(作主为复)
the number of: ?的数目/号码(作主为三单) The number of the students in our class is 50. too: 句末 用于肯定句 △
66. also: 句中 “也”
either: 否定句末“也不”
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1)I don’t like reading, she doesn’t , ______. 2)Tom is fourteen. Jim is _____fourteen. 常见的词语解释
△
67. already , just : 肯助后 almost nearly a little a bit
yet: 否、疑末
around all over be like look like 1)I have already had lunch. bright clever begin start
2)I haven’t had lunch yet. beside next to be in be at home 68. live: (长时间的)居住 be quick hurry up be out be away stay: (短时间的)居住
come from be from fail not pass eg. He lives in Changsha, but he’s going to stay in cross go across hard difficult Shanghai for a few days.
last go on hurry walk quickly Ⅲ、替换练习
hardly almost not hurry up go quickly expensive dear look out be careful 解题指导：
must have to on about over more than wear be in 该类题常常以以下几种情况进行考察：
why what … for stop give up 1．描述释义，也叫概念释义，即用一种情况来thanks to because of join take part in 对某词进行解释。
as soon as possible as soon as sb can eg. huge= very big glass= cup made of glass
be weak in be not at good at agree = say yes/ have the same idea catch up with not fall behind 2．同义词释义。指用意义相同或相近的词进行替have a good time enjoy oneself
换。
a lot of lots of ; many / much eg. nearly = almost perhaps = maybe at last in the end ; finally difficult = hard fast = quickly at the moment now
3．否定释义。即对某些词用相反的意思进行解释。 hold on wait a moment eg. cheap = no expensive thick = not thin just now a moment ago dirty = not clean low = not high/ tall
leave go away (from) 4．常识释义。即词义本身属于一种生活常识。 reach arrive in /at ; get to eg. century = 100 years prefer … to… like … better than … August = the eighth month
spend … on pay … for summer = the season between spring and autumn take a look have a look London = the capital of England walk on go on walking
go to sleep get to sleep / fall asleep
初中英语中考总复习综合知识归纳系列第19辑（共20辑） 语法要点及基础过关检测
walk to … go to … on foot take a bus catch a bus
look after take (good) care of
hear from receive / get a letter from be filled with be full of fly to… go to … by air
return 1)come back 2) give back teach oneself learn … by oneself
at once right now(现在) /right away(立刻)
练 习
选出与划线部分意思相同或相近的一项 ( )1.Liu Ying is like her twin sister. A. likes B. loves C. looks like
( )2. You must drink a lot of water every day. A. many B. much C. a little
( )3.Most of the teachers in our school are from South China.
A. lived in B. get back from C. come from
( )4.She took care of her grandpa when she was free. A. looked after
B. looked for C. gave medicine to
( )5.Are you sure he is able to do the work by himself. A. must B. has to C. can
( )6.Mum, I’m hungry. Can I have some cakes? A. drink B. eat C. play
( )7.Jack, please come and sit by the teacher. A. before B. near C. past
( )8.Summer is coming. The weather will become hotter and hotter.
A. catch B. get C. feel
( )9.Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the shop? 28
A. answer B. show C. give
( )24.The students had a good time in the winter ( )10.He didn’t bring the book here. He had to go home holiday.
to get it.
A. enjoyed themselves B. enjoyed them A. could B. may C. must C. had no time
( )11.Hello, James. Nice to see you. ( )25.The shirt is very nice. I’ll take it. A. catch B. meet C. watch A. try B. buy C. sell ( )12.I don’t understand his words. ( )26.How is the weather today? A. what he told B. what he said A. What’s the weather like B. What was it like C. that he talked
C. What’s the weather looks like
( )13.They came here by air. ( )27.Mr. Li will take me to the park if he is free next A. by bike B. by plane C. by bus Sunday.
( )14. Glad to see you again. A. will be free. B. has time C. had time A. Sorry B. Nice C. Bad
( )28.He prefers apples to oranges. ( )15.Can I use your bike? Mine is not here. A. likes ; than other B. likes ; better than A. lend B. borrow C. get
C. doesn’t like ; so much
( )16.Are you going to swim this afternoon. ( )29.She doesn’t have to worry about he illness. A. has a swim B. have a swim C. swimming A. needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t
( )17.I’m not free tonight. ( )30. He had to attend the party by himself. A. hungry B. late C. busy
A. alone B. only he C. lonely ( )18.Don’t worry. I’ll be back in a minute. ( )31.He said nothing at that time. A. very soon B. fast C. quick A. make noise B. kept silent C. took his seat
( )19.Summer follows spring. ( )32.There were still quite a few people in the street A. comes before B. comes after C. is under that evening.
( )20.I’ll get a new dictionary soon. A. not many B. many C. much
A. take B. sell C. buy
( )33.We’ll held a class meeting tomorrow. ( )21.When did the students get to the factory A. have B. give C. put
yesterday?
( )34.The girl was so weak that she didn’t catch up with A. came B. arrived C. reach
others.
( )22.They were quite pleased to see each other again. A. fell behind B. tried to hold C. ran after A. please B. good C. glad
( )35. He prefers apples to oranges. ( )23.The meeting will be held at a quarter to eight. A. likes; than other B. likes ; as much as A. 8:15 B. 7:45 C. 7:15 C. likes ; better than
初中英语中考总复习综合知识归纳系列第19辑（共20辑） 语法要点及基础过关检测
( )36.The building has been there for a century. A. a short time B. a long time C. a hundred years.
( )37.Mr Smith flew to London yesterday. A. went to London by train B. went to London by bus C. went to London by plane
( )38.Mike is weak in Chinese because he missed so many lessons.
A. likes B. does well in C. is not good at
( )39.Tom hasn’t heard from his parents for a long time.
A. listened to B. write a letter to C. received any letters from
( )40.We wanted to know when we would have an English test.
A. wanted to see B. got to know C. wondered
( )41.Every body says he is a bright boy. A. brave B. clever C. tall ( )42.Mary is wearing a red dress today. A. on B. in C. putting on
( )43.Both my brother and I like the picture very much. A. He B. We C. I
( )44. The doctor asked him to give up smoking. A. give in B. stop C. go on
( )45.Li Lei got up early last Sunday and Jim got up early, too. A. so was Jim B. so did Jim C. Jim did so
根据汉语完成句子方法指导
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根据汉语完成句子特别注意以下内容： 7.在中国老人受到很好的照顾。
1.宾语从句中的否定前移。
Old people____ _____good ____ ___in China. 2.宾从的时态、语序以及疑问词+to do
8.当我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始半小时了。
3.被动语态（① 省to不定式还原；② 动词短语中的The film ____ ____ ___ for half an hour when I 介词不能遗漏）
______ the cimema.
4.状语从句中的一般现在时
9.直到公共汽车停下来才能开门。
5.完成时（长、短命动词的区别） ____ ____ the door ____ the bus _____. 6.It’s + adj + for / of sb to do sth 10.我认为明天他不会开会。
7.find / think / make it + adj + to do .
I ____ ____ he ____ ____ a meeting tomorrow. 8.动词不定式（作定语的不定式要求是及物动词或及11.汤姆不知道怎么处理这本图书馆藏书。
物动词短语）
Tom doesn’t know ____ ___ ____ _____ the 9.被动语态的一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时、library book.
一般将来时、现在进行时。 12.老师问我做这道数学题花了多少时间。
10.尽可能考虑短语的固定用法
The teacher asked me how long ___ ____ me ___ 练 习
___ the maths problem.
13.昨天我把钥匙忘在了办公室。
1.我觉得用英语回答这个问题很容易。
I ____ my key ___ ___ _____ yesterday. I found ___ very ____ ___ _____ the question in 14.他不知道下一步怎么办。
English.
He doesn’t know ____ ___ ___ next. 2.学好英语对我们来说是很重要的。
15.格林在访问中国。
___ very important ___ ___ ___ study English well. Mr. Green is ___ ___ _____ ___ China. 3.在旧社会，他们被迫日夜不停地工作。
16.这幢楼房已建成十年了。
They ____ ____ ___ ____ day and night in the old The building ____ _____ ____ for 10 years days.
17.我不知道明天是否去北京。
4.这个小孩没有球玩，所以他不高兴。
I don’t know _____ ___ ____ to Beijing tomorrow. The child has no ball ___ ____ ____ , so he is 18.他父亲死了五年了。
________.
____ 5 years _____ his father _____.
5.这间屋子对我们来说太小了而不能住。 19.今天，在美国仍有许多树在继续被砍伐
The room is too small ___ us ___ ____ ___ Today, too many trees ____ still ____ ____ down in 6.我花了一个半小时的时间来完成家庭作业
the USA.
___ ____ me one and a half ______ ___ finish my 20.许多好地和森林一起消失了，留下来的只有沙漠。 homework.
A lot of good land ____ ____ _____ the forests, 初中英语中考总复习综合知识归纳系列第19辑（共20辑） 语法要点及基础过关检测
________ only sand.
21.无论看起来多难的问题，他都能找到答案
___ _____ ____ difficult something seemed, he _____ find the answer.
22.既然很多人在生活中都会犯错误，格林先生决定再给吉姆一次机会。
_____ a lot of people make mistakes __ ____, Mr. Green decided to give Jim another ____. 23.三个国家中Australia的人口最少。
Australia ____ ___ _____ people ___ the three countries.
24.多亏了太空卫星，世界变小了。
_____ ___ space satellites, the world ___ _____ a much small place.
25.人们每年都在山上种植各种各样的树。
______ _______ of trees ______ _______ on the hills every year.
26.王力跑得如此快，以致于我们都赶不上他
Wang Li ran _____ fast ______ we couldn’t ______ ______ with him.
27.这个问题太难了，我回答不了。
This question was _____ ______ that I couldn’t ______ _____.
28.张老师来我家时，我正在做家务活。
I ____ _________ my housework when Mr. Zhang ______ _______ my home.
29.这是今天唯一不能忘记的一件事情。
This is the _______ thing ______ I ______ _______ today.
30.你能告诉我他看起来象谁吗？
Could you tell me _____ _______ _______ ________?
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